With the intention of achieving an experimental grain scale energy balance at finite strain and at the grain scale, a mechanical test on a coarse-grained aluminium is presented in this paper using two complementary imaging techniques based on visible and infrared light. Specific image processing methods referred to as Constrained Digital Image Correlation (Constrained DIC) and Constrained InfraRed Thermography (Constrained IRT) are applied to investigate the thermomechanical behavior at the microstructural scale. Constrained DIC is used to obtain displacement and strain fields during the test, while Constrained IRT provides an estimate of temperature and heat source fields induced by the mechanical loading. The proposed “constrained” methods allow to enforce an adjustable level of constraints on a measured field (displacement or temperature) without referring to a specific finite-element description. In that manner, it is possible to decouple the measurement model and the interpretation model while keeping regularizing constraints (such as continuity of the fields). In this paper, we mainly focus on the kinematic analysis of the experimental test. Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) is also used in this case to experimentally characterize the microstucture of a 3 mm thick specimen with centimetric grain size.